Fruit Orchard Research

Buah Mentega

Local Name : Buah Mentega
Scientific Name : Diospyros blancoi
Other Names : Butter fruit, Buah margarine, Bisbul, Mabolo,
Sembolo (Java), Velvet apple, Mabolo, Buah
lemak, Marit.
Family : Ebenaceae
Explanation :
Fruit butter is the fruit which is difficult to be found. It is a tree that has two sexes; this means that there are male and female trees. It can grow up to approximately 30 meters high with a diameter of about 50 to 80 cm. They reproduce through seeds and the seed usually takes about 24 days to grow with enough water.
Usage:
The fragrant fruit is delicious when eaten alone. It can also be sliced and mixed with other fruits and made rojak buah. Fruit butter is a sweet spread made of fruit cooked to a paste, then lightly sweetened. It falls into the same category as jelly and jam. Apple butter is a common example. The fruit is cooked at first, but not too much, as the fruit will burn and soon lose its sugary taste. However, if done right, the newly made fruit butter, true to its name, has the same texture as, but different flavour than regular butter.

Ceri Terengganu

Local Name : Ceri Terengganu
Scientific Name : Lepisanthes alata
Other Names : -
Family :
Explanation :
The tree is non-seasonal and produces fruit throughout the year. The fruits are arranged closely and attractively in a big bunch of cluster of which each bunch consists of about 20 fruits. The fruits, about 2cm- 3cm in width are dark red, shiny and round with pointed tip. Each fruit contains 1-3 pieces of seeds and its flesh is soft and tastes fairly sweet.
Usage:
The tree is small but can reach medium height. Its canopy spreads out and purplish colour of the young leaves adds to the attractiveness of the tree. Due to this, Ceri Terengganu is usually planted for landscaping purposes.

Assam Jawa

Local Name : Assam Jawa
Scientific Name : Tamarindus indica
Other Names : Tamarind, Tentuli, Tentul, Sambalog, Loan-tz,
Tamarindo, Ma-kham.
Family : Fabaceae
Explanation :
It is a long-lived, medium-growth bushy tree which attains a maximum crown height of 12.1 to 18.3 metres (40 to 60 feet). The leaves are evergreen and bright green in colour. At night, the leaflets close up. The tree grows well in full sun in clay, loam, sandy and acidic soil types, with a high drought and aerosol salt (wind-borne salt as found in coastal area) resistance.
Usage:
The tamarind is best described as sweet and sour in taste, and high in acid, sugar, vitamin B and interestingly for a fruit, calcium. The fruit pulp is edible. It is often used as a component of savory dishes. The leaves are used as an herbal infusion for malarial fever, the fruit juice as an anti-septic and even cough cure. Tamarind heartwood can be used in making furniture and wood flooring and has recently become popular in bonsai culture. In temples, especially in Buddhist Asian countries, the fruit pulp is used to polish brass shrine furniture, removing dulling and the greenish patina that forms.
Tampoi



Local Name : Tampoi
Scientific Name : Baccaurea macrocarpa
Other Names : Baccaurea griffithii
Family : Phyllanthaceae
Explanation :
Baccaurea macrocarpa, also called Tampoi, is a small, tropical rainforest sub storey fruit trees native to Southeast Asia, especially Borneo. It is dioecious, and the female trees bear fruit directly on the trunk and large branches. The fruit is large, orange-skinned, white-fleshed, with a delicious tangy flavour somewhat like mandarin (tangerine). Depending on conditions, the fruit may closely clothe the trunk beautifully, like the fruit of many Ficus species.
Usage:
The fruit is edible and delicious sweet taste. Kayunya kuat dan tahan lama oleh karena itu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan bangunan.The wood is strong and durable and therefore, it can be used as building material.



Belimbing Buluh


Local Name : Belimbing Buluh
Scientific Name : Averrhoa bilimbi
Other Names : Balimbing, Bilimbi, Blim-blim, Bimbli,
Belimbing, Blimbling, Biling, Bimbiri, Cucumber
tree, Tree sorrel, Soure.
Family : Phyllanthaceae
Explanation :
The bilimbi tree reaches a height of 16 to 35 ft. It has a short trunk dividing into upright branches. The dark-red flowers, appearing in panicles, from the trunk and oldest branches, are small and fragrant. The bright-green fruit, 2-3½" in length, emerge directly from the trunk, often in clusters. The brown seeds are flattened and very small. The origin of this plant is Indonesia and since this plant is a tropical species it is sensitive to the cold, especially young plants. This fruit is too acid for eating raw but the green uncooked fruits are prepared as a relish in Suriname. They are also used to prepare chutney (a sweet and sour condiment).
Usage:
In Malaysia the leaves of bilimbi are used as a treatment for venereal disease. A leaf decoction is taken as a medicine to relieve rectal inflammation. It seems to be effective against coughs and thrush.
Nam-Nam



Local Name : Nam-nam
Scientific Name : Cynometra cauliflora
Other Names : -
Family : Fabaceae
Explanation :
Cynometra cauliflora or commonly Nam-nam is a native of Malaysia, grown mainly in northern Peninsular Malaysia and can be more widely cultivated in other states, mainly in kampungs and villages. This tree belongs to the bean family. It is a small tree with a thick much branched stem. The flowers are rather small about 1.2 cm across. They appear on the stem in clusters.
Usage :
The mature fruit can be eaten fresh or cooked with sugar to make sweets (compote). It can also be made into a fruit salad, pickled, or be used to prepare a special 'sambal.' The tree makes an attractive ornamental plant in home gardens and is also potted and grown as bonsai plant.
Cermai Belanda

Local Name : Cermai Belanda
Scientific Name : Eugenia Uniflora L.
Other Names : -
Family : Myrtaceae
Explanation :
It is widely planted in the tropical rainforests in America. It will start flowering and producing fruits after 2 years.
Usage :
The seed of this plant has toxic chemicals that can shrink tissues and proteins of the skin. It is also rich in Vitamin C. The leaf can be boiled and drank as a cure for high fever.

Kedondong
Local Name : Kedondong
Scientific Name : Spondias Cytherea Sonnerat
Other Names : Umbra, Spondias dulcis, ambarella,
Pomarosa
Family : Anacardiaceae
Explanation :
This fast growing tree can reach up to 60 ft (18 m) in its native homeland of Melanesia through Polynesia; however, it usually averages out at 30 to 40 ft (9-12 m) in other areas. Spondias dulcis has deciduous, “pinnate leaves, 8 to 24 in (20-60 cm) in length, composed of 9 to 25 glossy, elliptic or obovate-oblong leaflets 2 1.2 to 4 in (6.25-10 cm) long, finely toothed toward the apex” (Morton 1987).
Usage :
The kedondong fruit has Vitamin C that is important for blood hemoglobin and sitokrom molecular. It can also reduce cholesterol and blood pressure.
Rhedia
Local Name : Achacharu Plant
Scientific Name : Rhedia SP
Other Names : -
Family : Rhediae
Explanation :
This plant grows about 6 to 9 feet only. It starts fruiting after three to four years. These trees will thrive under a humid, wind-free environment if provided with a low pH soil and ample moisture.
Usage:
In its native land the achacharu remains as a home garden fruit and is consumed fresh out-of-hand or made into delicate and refreshing juices. In tropical America the achacharu has considerable potential as a cross purpose ornamental, home garden and commercial fruit crop. Due to its small stature it is perfect for small spaces or even permanent use in a container.
Jambu Bol

Local Name : Jambu Bol
Scientific Name : Syzygium Malaccense
Other Names : Malacca Apple, Malay Rose Apple,
Pommerac
Family : Myrtaceae
Explanation :
Syzygium Malaccense, commonly known as Malacca Apple, is a species of flowering tree that is native to Malaysia and Indonesia. It is also known as Jambu Bol, Malay Rose Apple, Otaheite Cashew and Pommerac. The fruit is Oblong-shaped and dark red in color, although some varieties have white or pink skin. The flesh is white and surrounds a large seed. They flower in early summer, bearing fruit three months afterward. In Costa Rica they flower earlier, with ripe fruit in June.
Usage:
Highly ambiguous terms, such as rose apple, water apple, mountain apple, pomarrosa or plum rose are sometimes used for this plant or its fruit; they can refer to almost any species of Syzygium grown for its fruit. Jam is prepared by stewing the flesh with brown sugar and ginger.

Kundang

Local Name : Kundang
Scientific Name : Bouea macrophylla
Other Names : Marian Plum, Gandaria, Plum Mango
Family : Anacardiaceae
Explanation :
The evergreen tree grows to height of 25 meters. The fruit (resembling a mango) are green in color and mature to an orange or yellow. They grow to roughly 2 to 5 cm in diameter. The entire fruit, including its single seed, is edible. The fruit range from sweet to sour in flavor, and have a light smell of turpentine.
Usage :
Both the leaves and fruit from the tree can be eaten. The leaves can be eaten raw when they are still young, and can be used in salads. While the seed is edible, the endosperm is generally bitter. Fruit can be eaten raw, or made into dishes such as pickle, compote, or sambal. Unripened fruit can be used to make rojak and asinan.

Binjai

Local Name : Binjai
Scientific Name : Mangifera Caesia
Other Names : Malaysian Mango
Family : Anacardiaceae
Explanation :
Mangifera Caesia is a species of flowering plant in the cashew family, Anacardiaceae. Common names include Malaysian Mango, Binjai , Wani, yaa-lam (Thai language), and Bayuno. It belongs to the same genus as the mango and is widely cultivated in areas of Malaysia, Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Papua New Guinea, and the Philippines. The tree lives in lowlands or gentle slopes in sandy clay soils.
Usage :
The Binjai is believed to originate from the island of Borneo, but is commonly grown elsewhere for its edible fruit. The fruit can be eaten dipped in chili and dark soy sauce. The wood is used for light construction. Binjai is almost always propagated by seed.
Banana

Local Name : Banana
Scientific Name : Musa SP
Other Names : -
Family : Musaceae
Explanation :
Banana is the common name for herbaceous plants of the genus Musa and for the fruit they produce. Bananas come in a variety of sizes and colors when ripe, including yellow, purple, and red. In popular culture and commerce, "banana" usually refers to soft, sweet "dessert" bananas. Bananas from a group of cultivars with firmer, starchier fruit are called plantains.
Usage :
The banana is widely used in cooking. It can be deep fried, baked in their skin in a split bamboo, or steamed in glutinous rice wrapped in banana leaf. The tender core of the banana plant’s trunk is also used in a Burmese dish which is Mohinga.
Jambu Air

Local Name : Jambu Air
Scientific Name : Syzygium SP
Other Names : Wax Apple , Chambekka, Jamrul
Family : Myrtaceae
Explanation :
It is a tropical tree growing to 12 m tall, with evergreen leaves 10-25 cm long and 5-10 cm broad. The flowers are white, 2.5 cm diameter, with four petals and numerous stamens. The fruit is a bell-shaped edible berry, with colors ranging from white, pale green, green, red, purple, crimson, to deep purple or even black, 4-6 cm long in wild plants. When mature, the tree is considered a heavy bearer and can yield a crop of up to 700 fruits
Usage :
The sweetest fruits, which are the red ones, are eaten after the core is removed. The fruit is usually served uncut, in order to preserve the unique bell shape presentation.
Jackfruit

Local Name : Jackfruit
Scientific Name : Artocarpus Heteropyllus
Other Names : -
Family : Moraceae
Explanation :
It is a plant which grows well in lowlands. It’s fruit is the largest tree borne fruit in the world, seldom less than about 25 cm in diameter. The jackfruit has played a significant role in Indian agriculture for centuries. Archeological findings in India have revealed that jackfruit was cultivated in India 3000 to 6000 years ago.
Usage :
This fruit can be found in Asian countries especially Phillipines. The flesh of the jackfruit is starchy and fibrous. It provides food energy and dietary fibre. In many cultures, the young jackfruit is boiled and used in curries as a staple food.
Pomegrana te

Local Name : Pomegranate
Scientific Name : Punica Granatum
Other Names : Punica Malus
Family : Lythraceae
Explanation :
A pomegranate is a fruit-bearing shrub growing to between five and eight meters tall. It is widely cultivated throughout Armenia, the drier parts of southeast Asia, peninsular Malaysia, and tropical Africa. In the Northern Hemisphere, the fruit is typically in season from September to February. In the Southern Hemisphere, it is in season from March to May.
Usage :
This fruit can be eaten after it’s shell has been open. After opening the pomegranate, the arils are separated from the peel and internal white pulp membranes. The pomegranate juice is popular in Persia and India.
Jambu Mawar

Local Name : Jambu Mawar
Scientific Name : Syzygium Jambos
Other Names : Eugenia Jambos, Rose Apple
Family : Myrtaceae
Explanation :
This plant is native to Southeast Asia but is neutralized in India, especially Kerala. It can be quite invasive in areas where it has been introduced. It is a threat to several ecosystems, including those on several Hawaiian islands.
Usage :
It is usually eaten fresh or used in preserves. Rose apples spoil very quickly so fruits should be used soon after picking. The large, hollow seed cavity is sometimes utilized to stuff the fruits and bake them. Fruit extract can be used to make a sweet smelling rose water.